Inorganic Chemistry

Chemistry plays a significant role in the emerging interdisciplinary fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. The nanoscale refers to materials with dimensions on the scale of nanometers (a thousandth of a thousandth of a thousandth of a meter). Control of the material world at the scale of atoms and molecules can produce materials with fundamentally different properties and behavior and has been touted as the next technological revolution. Some questions we will consider include: What nanotechnology already exists? What makes nanomaterials special? How can they be prepared? What tools can be used to study such materials?

Prerequisite: Chemistry 117


Spring 2007
Nanochemistry
Lisensky

Jan 17 Ozin, Preface and aims (pages v-xii)
Jan 19 Ozin, Chapter 1
Nanomaterials are small enough in at least one dimension that the properties are different from bulk properties. Monodispersed particles have a relatively narrow size distribution.
   
Jan 22 Class: Nanochemistry Basics
Lab: Self-assembled monolayers. We will do the procedure more than once. Think how you could do some patterning, perhaps like Figure 1.18 in Ozin. Masking or using a razor blade on the silver layer is one way.
Lab: Colloidal Magnetite Nanoparticles (ferrofluid).
You will need to bring a bound laboratory notebook and either safety glasses or $2. Your record of your work will be graded during the lab period (see handout for the appropriate format.)
Jan 24 Literature reports
Choose a nano article from Nanoletters (see especially the most cited or most accessed list), Materials Today, or one referenced in the Materials News (we only have subscriptions to some of the links in the latter.) Summarize the paper in a short oral report, focusing primarily on a figure or two in the paper. Email your claim a paper by including a link to the abstract.
Jan 26 Ozin, Chapter 2
   
Jan 29 Class: Lithography
Lab: Electrochromic Prussian Blue Thin Films
Lab: Electrochromic Prussian Blue Pixels
Jan 31 Literature reports
Stephen: Molecular Surgery Using Gene-Specific Positioned Metal Nanoparticles as Laser Light Antennas, Nano Lett. (2007) ASAP Article
Tanishka: Taking Nanolithography Beyond Semiconductors, Advanced Materials, 18(24), 3258, 2006 or PhysOrg
Jhaunell: Nanopolymers make their debut, Science 315, 358, 2007 or Physics Web
Annemarie: Nanowire Photonics, Materials Today, 9(10), 2006
Grisha: Stabilization of liposomes through enzymatic polymerization of DNA, Nano Lett., 6(12), 2755, 2006
Travis: Nanoscopically Flat Open-Ended Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Substrates, Nano Lett., 7(1), 15 -21, 2007
Kyle: Nanorobotic Spot Welding: Controlled Metal Deposition from Copper-Filled Carbon Nanotubes, Nano Lett., 7(1), 58 -63, 2007
Zeke: Hydrogen Sieving and Storage in Fullerene Intercalated Graphite, Nano Lett., 7(1), 1-5 (2007)
Xiaoyue: DNA Nucleoside Interaction and Identification with Carbon Nanotubes, Nano Lett., 7(1), 45-50, 2007
Feb 2 Ozin, Chapter 3
   
Feb 5 Class: Diffraction
Lab: PDMS
Feb 7

Literature reports
Tanishka: Supercapacitors: size matters, Materials Today, 9(10), 9 (2006) or Science, 313, 1760-1763 (2006)
Grisha: Transport of gold atoms in real-time, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 036103 (2007) or EurekaAlert
Kyle: Nanoblossoms, Nano Lett., 7(1), 167-171 (2007)
Zeke: Optical Monopole Antenna, Nano Lett., 7(1), 28 -33 (2007)
Travis: Gold Nanorods Nano Lett., 7(1), 116 -119 (2007)

Feb 9 Ozin, Chapter 4
   
Feb 12 Class: Scanning Probe Microscopies
Lab: Nanowires (finish PDMS)
Feb 14 Literature reports
Xiaoyue: Single-Crystalline Branched Nanowire Heterostructures, Nano Lett., 7 (2), 264 -268, 2007
Jhaunell: Nanometals, Materials Today, 7(2), 26-31 (2004).
Annemarie: Nanowire Photonics, Materials Today, 9(10), 2006
Stephen: Electrochemical Nanoimprinting with Solid-State Superionic Stamps, Nano Lett., 7 (2), 446-451, (2007)
Feb 16 Ozin, Chapter 5 (to page 199)
   
Feb 19 Class: Carbon Nanotubes
Lab: Y2O3:Eu (finish Nanowires, SEM Photos)
Feb 21

Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Tanishka: Material challenge for flexible organic devices, Materials Today, 9(4), 38-45 (2006)
Jet Printing Flexible Displays, Materials Today, 9(4), 32-37 (2006)
Grisha: Nanomagnets enhance MRI, http://nanotechweb.org/articles/news/6/2/13/1
Kyle: Tiny mass detectors come out of the cold, http://physicsweb.org/articles/news/11/2/4/1
Zeke: Electrospun Light-Emitting Nanofibers, Nano Lett., 7 (2), 458 -463, (2007)
Travis: p-Type Zinc Oxide Nanowire Arrays, Nano Lett., 7 (2), 323 -328, (2007)

Feb 23 Ozin, Chapter 5 (page 199 to CNT)
   
Feb 26 Class: Semiconductors
Lab: finish Y2O3:Eu

Seminar at 4:00, Nanoscale Technologies for the Realization of Rapid, Cost Effective Individual Genotyping
Feb 28 Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Xiaoyue: Rings of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Nano Lett., 7 (2), 276 -280, 2007
Jhaunell: Nanorust Cleans Arsenic from Drinking Water, http://www.photonics.com/content/news/2006/November/13/85089.aspx, Science, 314, 964-967, Nov 10, 2006.
Annemarie: Anticancer nanoparticles, http://www.technologyreview.com/Nanotech/18066/, PNAS 104(3), 932-6, 2007 (Jan 16)
Stephen: Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Scaffolds for Photoelectrochemical Solar Cells, Nano Lett., ASAP 02/20/2007
Mar 2 Ozin, Chapter 5 (CNT to end)
   
  MIDTERM BREAK
   
Mar 12 No Class or lab today
Mar 14

Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Remember to answer, "Why nano?", "What chemistry?", "Who is doing the research?", and to find the original journal article.
Kyle: 8-Nanometer Flash Memory Component Developed, Korea Times March 13, 2007
Zeke: Electron emission from individual InAs Semiconductor Nanowires, Nano Lett., 7 (2), 536 -540, 2007

Mar 16 Ozin, Chapter 6 (first part)
   
Mar 19 Class: Particle in a Box, 1-D Quantum States, Quantum Dots
Lab: CdSe Quantum Dots
Mar 21

Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Remember to answer, "Why nano?", "What chemistry?", "Who is doing the research?", and to find the original journal article.
Tanishka: New coating reflects almost no light, Scientific American, March 01, 2007, NPR Morning Edition March 02, 2007, AzoNano March 02, 2007, Science News 171(9), 132, March 03, 2007, Rensselaer Campus News, March 05, 2007, Technology Review, March 06, 2007, Nature Photonics, 1, 176-179, March 01, 2007.
Grisha: Nanoscale iron particles for environmental remediation, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 5: 323–332, 2003.
Travis: DNA-based nano devices, Nano Today, 2(2), 36-41 (April 2007)
Jhaunell: Filter sorts individual molecules, http://www.rochester.edu/news/show.php?id=2743, Nature, 445, 726, Feb 15, 2007
Annemarie: Constructing Novel Materials With DNA, Nano Today, 2(2), 26-35 (April 2007)
Stephen: Observations of Catalyst Dynamics during Surface-Bound Carbon Nanotube Nucleation, Nano Lett., 7 (3), 602-608, 2007

Mar 23 Ozin, Chapter 6 (second part)
   
Mar 26 Class: Barcode methods
Lab: Gold and Silver Nanoparticles (3 experiments) Au/citrate Au/photoreactor Ag/borohydride
Mar 28

Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Remember to answer, "Why nano?", "What chemistry?", "Who is doing the research?", and to find the original journal article.
Tanishka: Goal of Nanoscale optical imaging gets boost with new hyperlens, Press Release 23 Mar 2007, PhysOrg 22 Mar 2007, Far-Field Optical Hyperlens Magnifying Sub-Diffraction-Limited Objects, Science 315, 1686 (23 Mar 2007)
Kyle: Polymer Articifial Muscles, Materials Today, 10(4), 30-38 (April 2007). Nanotechnology Pistons, ORNL web site (17 Feb 2000)
Zeke: How Evaporating Carbon Nanotubes Retain Their Perfection? Nano Lett., 7(3), 681-684 (2007).
Travis: Molecular Sieving Using Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Nano Lett., 7(3), 565-569 (2007).
Xiaoyue: Use of Highly-Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Arrays in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Nano Lett., 6(2), 215-218 (2006).

Mar 30 Nanoscale Demonstrations and Activities. See links at bottom of page. Watch training vidoes and/or read activity guide.
   
Apr 2 Class: Photonics
Lab: Opals and Particle size
Apr 4

Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Remember to answer, "Why nano?", "What chemistry?", "Who is doing the research?", and to find the original journal article.
Grisha: Self-healing house in Greece, EurekAlert, Nanowerk, Leeds University press release (March 26, 2007)
Jhaunell: Carbon Nanotubes, Europhysics News, 32(3) (2001), Appl. Phys. Lett. 75(20), 3129 (Nov 15, 1999), CNET.
Annemarie: Effect of Nanoscale Curvature of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Adsorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Nanoletters, 7(3), 583-587 (2007).
Stephen: Tuning the Mechanical Properties of SWNT/Nylon Composites, Nano Lett. ASAP, (March 31, 2007)

Apr 6 Ozin, Chapter 7
   
Apr 9 Class: Nano board game
Lab: Inverse Opals
Apr 11

Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Remember to answer, "Why nano?", "What chemistry?", "Who is doing the research?", and to use the original journal article.
Tanishka: Photocrosslinked nitroxide polymer cathode-active materials for application in an organic-based paper battery, Press Release, ChemTech, Chem Comm (web advance Feb 12, 2007); Nanotube photoconductors, C&E News, 84, 14 (Dec 18 2006) Science 314, 1761 (15 Dec 2006)
Photoconductive Coaxial nanotubes of Molecularly Connected Electron Donor and Acceptor Layers, Science 314, 1761 (15 December 2006).
Grisha: Rectification of Ionic Current in a Nanofluidic Diode, Nano Lett., 7(3), 547-551, (2007)
Kyle: Nanogenerator Fueled by Vibrations, Technology Review Direct-Current Nanogenerator Driven by Ultrasonic Waves Science, 316, 102-105 (6 April 2007), A Nano Pressure Sensor, Technology Review, Free Electricity from Nano Generators, Technology Review
Zeke: Shape Control of Multivalent 3D Colloidal Particles via Interference Lithography, Nano Lett., 7(3), 647-651, (2007)
Travis: Generating Heat with Metal Nanoparticles, NanoToday, 2(1), 30 (2007)
Xiaoyue: Controlled Synthesis of Hyperbranched Inorganic Nanocrystals with Rich Three-Dimensional Structures, Nano Lett., 5(11), 2164 -2167 (2005)

Apr 13

Hand in game evaluation
Ozin, Chapter 8

   
Apr 16

Hand in new decision game card
Class: OLEDs
Lab: Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Apr 19-21 Engineering Expo
   
Apr 23 Class: Solar Cells
Lab: Titanium Dioxide Raspberry Solar Cells
Apr 25

Literature reports (email reference to claim a paper by including a link to the abstract)
Remember to answer, "Why nano?", "What chemistry?", "Who is doing the research?", and to use the original journal article.
Xiaoyue: Hybrid Solar Cells with Prescribed Nanoscale Morphologies Based on Hyperbranched Semiconductor Nanocrystals, Nano Lett., 7(2), 409-414 (2007)
Jhaunell: Cheap drinking water, Nanotechnology Review (June 12, 2006); Fast Mass Transport Through Sub-2-Nanometer Carbon Nanotubes, Science, 312, 1034-1037 (19 May 2006)
Annemarie: DNA-based Nanodevices, Nano Today, 2(2), pages 36-41, (April 2007).
Stephen: Sub-10 nm Device Fabrication in a Transmission Electron Microscope, Nano Lett., ASAP April 17, 2007

Apr 27 Ozin, Chapter 9 and 10
Inner Life of the Cell
   
Apr 30 Class: Societal Implications
KQED: Nanotechnology Takes Off
Lab: Liquid Crystal Sensors and Lab Check Out
May 2 Ozin, Chapter 11

Literature Sources

Nanoletters (American Chemical Society)
Materials Today (Elsevier)
NanoToday (Elsevier)
Materials News (Materials Research Society)

Texts

Nanochemistry: A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials, Geoffrey Ozin and André Arsenault, Royal Society of Chemistry (2005).
Lab Manual for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Interdisciplinary Education Group, http://mrsec.wisc.edu/edetc/nanolab/ (2007).
Future Technology, Today's Choices, Greenpeace, http://www.greenpeace.org.uk/ (2003).
No small matter: The case for a global moratorium, ETC group, http://www.etcgroup.org/documents/Occ.Paper_Nanosafety.pdf (2003).
There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom, Richard Feynman, http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/feynman.html (1959).

Basis of evaluation

• Class participation based on text readings.
• Presentations based on literature article (every other week).
• Laboratory reports.
• Reflection on participation in the Engineering Expo.



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